Using these two numbers, Amps and length, locate the nearest gauge value in the chart below. Then measure the distance that the wire will travel (length) including the length of the return to ground (the ground wire running to the chassis or back to a ground block or battery. To choose an adequate wire gauge, determine the amp draw (amperage) that the wire circuit will carry. But when choosing between two potential gauge sizes in the gray area of estimated gauge calculations or references, it’s always better to go with the larger gauge. Alternately using an oversized wire gauge does not have a downside and may provide better performance of the accessory, however, overkill in itself has the downside of wasted money and valuable space. Installing too small a wire gauge decreases performance and may create a potential safety hazard. A 3-foot wire length will have less resistance than a 20-foot wire and therefore a longer length of wire may require an increase in the wire gauge to provide adequate voltage to the accessory. For that reason, it is important to factor in the length of wire when determining the wire gauge. All wire has inherent resistance and the longer the wire, the greater the resistance and the greater the voltage drop over the length of wire. 13.8 volts is a better value to use for wire gauge calculations though it will generally result in about the same gauge as 12 volts. When the vehicle is running, the alternator will increase the automotive voltage up to about 13.8 volts. Older batteries will probably show a lower voltage. 6.4 volts for a 6-volt lead-acid battery. The actual resting voltage of a fully charged, 6-cell automotive lead acid battery is about 12.7 volts or about 2.1 volts per cell. More current draw (higher amperage) requires a larger wire gauge to safely power the accessory.Īutomotive wiring is not exactly 12 volt. To find the required wire gauge for a specific application, you must know the current draw of the accessory on the circuit and the total wire length between the accessory and the power source. The larger the wire, the smaller the gauge number. Wire uses the measurement of gauge to determine the size of the wire. To the extent permitted by applicable law, no responsibility or liability is assumed by Schneider Electric and its subsidiaries for any errors or omissions in the informational content of this document, as well as any non-intended use or misuse of the content thereof.12 Volt Wiring Gauge Requirements at specific Amps to length for Automotive Electrical Systems … Schneider Electric reserves the right to make changes or updates with respect to or in the content of this document or the format thereof, at any time without notice. Schneider Electric does not grant any right or license for commercial use of the document or its content, except for a non-exclusive and personal license to consult it on an "as is" basis. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise), for any purpose, without the prior written permission of Schneider Electric. This document and its content are protected under applicable copyright laws and provided for informative use only. All other brands may be trademarks of their respective owner. The Schneider Electric brand and any trademarks of Schneider Electric SE and its subsidiaries referred to in this document are the property of Schneider Electric SE or its subsidiaries. It is the duty of any such user to perform or have any professional expert of its choice (integrator, specifier or the like) perform the appropriate and comprehensive risk analysis, evaluation and testing of the products/solutions with respect to the relevant specific application or use thereof. It is not to be used for determining suitability or reliability of the products/solutions for specific user applications. This document is not intended as a substitute for a detailed study or operational and site-specific development or schematic plan. The information provided in this document contains general descriptions, technical characteristics and/or recommendations related to products/solutions. *ġ2 Refer to 240.4(D) for conductor overcurrent protectionġ0 Refer to 240.4(D) for conductor overcurrent *ġ4 Refer to 240.4(D) for conductor overcurrent protection limitations. THWN-2, RHH, RHW-2, USE-2, XHH, XHHW, XHHW-2, ZW-2įor conductor overcurrent protection limitations.
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